Cruising-turbine arrangement



,April 2,9, 1930 J. F. METTE-N CRUISING TURBINE AHRANG'EMENT" Filed March 15, 192e 2 sheets-sheet 1 April 29, 1930 J. F. METTEN CRUISING TURBINE ABRANGEMENT Filed March 15, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. V29, 1930 l smi-IE JOHN. r- METTEN, or BHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,

Canisius-:numerate Anmiivenivrnnr Application'led March I5, 1926. Serial No. 94,976.

This invention relates toship propulsion,

1Q Amore specificobject ist-ov drive the auxil-A iaries by a cruising turbine andy .toprovide suitable controlswherebythe cruising tur; bine may be operated'in series 'withk themain turbinesl or independently thereof.y Another.

1.5 object yis.-.toi'provide automatic .features for Jfacilitatingthe changing of the mode of operation. Other objects will appear romthe following description ofthe accompanying drawing, in .which p n Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the prof-1 polling machinery and auxiliaries, and

`Fig, 2 is a sideelevation of certain of the auxiliary pumps.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic viewshowing a 25 modified arrangement involving supple- 'mental turbine auxiliaries. 'Fig'.l is a diagrammatic View showing one form ofv mechanical 'means for coordinating 30 Fig. @is a fragmentary face view of a valve interlock. Figs. 5', 6A and 7 are views illustrating the lspeed governor for controllingA the independentsteam supply of the cruisingV turbineftogether with associate parts; Fig. 5 beingan end` view of the speed governor and associate parts drawn to. anenlarged scale; and Figs. 6 and 7 being respectively sectional views on the line 6-.6' and o 7-T-ofFig5. p p

` Figs. 8 and 9 are views diagrammatic 1n character and illustrating different' settings of. the valve eyeierri. lIdrica, art Constructions have utilized a cruising turbine., clutch Connected .through e suitable gea-r 4train to mein turbine imite to Y drive therropeller Shaft, Which .combination hee proved verydesirable on powdered Yeeeels for .operating at reduced speeds @n ,the greetlrfdeereeeed een of my invention is to Provide en sumption of the propelling unit at low powers. i

'As edjunete of: all propelling turbines, there is a' group of; auxiliariesthat-must be in operation during elli times' when the Pro,- pelling units are infuse. These are theabove enumerated; pumps and others.l which are usually independent units, each driven' by its own steam cylinder, turbine. or motor, as the Vcase may be. The capacity at which4 these auxiliaries are required to operater bears cer-k tain relations to the power .developed by the main. unit-s, but .does'not decrease the. Seme proportion- Neoeeeer'ly. these must have indvidueiill7 the'eepeeitiee fixed by.- fallpower. co.nditions and Vat. vgreatly reduced powers these-auxiliaries work very much be, low their capacity but without proportional 'reduction inv their steam consumption. rlhis results in a very serious impairment oi'f the Y economy ofthe plant asa whole at low fractional powers. At full powers the auxiliaries coordinated with the operation of the main turbines may requireal steam consumption oonly 5% or 6% of that used ill vthe ,main turbines. At one-twentieth oful-l power the consumption of these auxiliaries may be as mueh es. 30% or 1.f0\% of the total eor'ieiuription owing to the fact that their duty does not fall o if in direct proportion and the'steam consumption in relation to the work done increases, rapidly withfreduoed Gapaoities.

Inorder to overcome this condition I pro..- vide animproved arrangement whereby the auxiliaries which are required to be in operation during operation of the main propelling units, can be dri-ven by thek geared cruising turbine eitheriridependently of the mein prof peiling turbine, or f .Connected to the Same.. The connection or dieoonneetion of vthe .cruising turbine will be. ooutrolled leythe relquirement to. eiieet the deeredirnprovernent overall. steam consumption .at all powers, and. particularly at redueeel Speed end. powers.

KVIrl Fig-...1. there is shown a erueing turbine l., oorineeted. .to e leigh pressure. turbine `2, es. through usuel. eruieiog turbine reduction.

gearing generally indicated .3, end a; clutch 4,:

a manner such as disclosed in Patent No. 1,047 ,908. A low pressure main turbine unit 5 cooperates as through suitable reduction gearing 6 to drive a propeller shaft 7. Leading from a steam supply pipe 8 is a cruising turbine supply pipe 9 which is .controlled by a. valve 10. This pipe is used when the cruising turbine is run in series with the main turbines. lhen the cruising turbine is run independently thereof a small independent pipe 11 supplies steam to a separate nozzle on the cruising turbine through a speed gover-V nor controlled valve 11', the 2governor for which is usually mountedon thecruising turbine spindle and is responsive to speed varia-tions thereof. This feature will be under stood from ay consideration of Figs. 57, wherein the cruising turbine spindle indicated at 1a carries a ballgovernor lhof ordinary type which'is effective through` connections comprising bellcr'anlt 1C, slide rod 1d, leverl" andslide rod 1f on the valve 11.` The valve proper as herein shown is a double disc or cage type of double balanced valve known as al throttling governor valve.V A small independent exhaust pipe 12 leads from the cruisingA turbine to an auxiliary exhaust line 13, controlled -by an automatic bac-lr pressure valve 14. The pipe 13 may be connected to a condenser` if desired. The exhaust pipe 12 function's'when steam is supplied through the independent pipe 1l and 8). AA non-return valve 20 is interposed'in the cruising turbine exhaust line 21 leading from the v cruising turbine to the jline 15. "When valve 16 is openedsteam will automatically close the valve 2O thereby shutting olf exhaust communication through pipe 21 fromturbine 1. Valves and 16 are preferably interlocked yina manner such as disclosed in my Patent No. 1,214,207, so that either valve must be closed before'the other can be opened. The valveinterlocking means h is fragmentarily illustrated in Fig. 4EL and comprises-a slide bar 16'a provided with key hole slots suitably formedand disposed for cooperation with the valve stems and their hubs or enlargements. As illustratedthe upper slot having its narrow part in register `with the valve, stemof the valve 10u/'ill obstructthe out-ward movement of the hub of said valve stemN so longasf the hub' ofthe stemof valve 16 is in register-as shown withV the enlarged portion of its key hole slot. If valve 10 is open exhaust will take place from the cruising turbine through pipe 12, this d iverting of the exhaust steam being automatic upon closure of valve 20.

The before-mentioned auxiliaries consist, aniongother possible ones, ofair pumps having cylinders 25 connected to the condenser as by a pipe 26, these pumps being adapted for drawing air and condensate from the main condenser 18, a plunger pump having cylinders 27 disposed on opposite sides of each of the air pump cylinders 25, which pumps 2T are principally for the purpose ofl pumping condenser water while a pump 28, preferably of the centrifugal type, is provided for circulating lubricating oil.

The plungers fort-he pumps 27 may be actuated by cross heads 30 'connected to a crank pin 31 which is carried upon atransverse shaft 32. The shaft'32 is driven from the cruising turbine by a shaft33 connected to the turbine through the gear train 3 and by arworm and gear connection disposed in a housing 34, the Worm gear being carried by shaft 32 while the worm is carried on the shaft 33. The pumps 25 are also actuated by the crank pins 31 due to the'piston rods 35 being connected to the crossheads 30. The lubrication pump is driven by'a shaft 36 connected to shaft 33 through bevel gears 37. Various other forms of pumps may be used depending upon the particular installation.

The operation is as follows r-assuming, for example, that the main turbines alone are in operation for say4 from one-eighth to full power and the clutch 4 is disconnected. vThe group of auxiliary pumps above enumerated can now be operated by the cruising turbine through the gear mechanism 3 independently of the main units. This operation can be ef- -fected'economically' as the cruisingunit is a high efiiciency high speed unit.` The cruising unit would not otherwise be in use'V under this range of power'of'the main turbines. During this operation valve 10 Will be closed and valves 16 and 10 opened. Steam pressure in line 15 will accordingly close non-return valve 20 and Vexhaust steam from the cruising turbine Will pass out through ex*- haust pipe 12 and valve14. The valves 14 and. 2() are coordinated byany usual mechanical or pressure operated means such as shown in Fig. 4 so that when one opens the other closes and vice versa. vA sshown in Fig. 4 the valves 2O and 14 are connected by a leverage system comprising a bell crank 20a having one of its arms connected tothe valve proper and its other-arm to one end Yof a link 20h,.- The opposite end of said link is in turn connected to the. longer. arm of a bell vcrank 14, the shorter arm of Asaid/bell` crank being connected to the valve proper. of the valve device 14. This connection provides fork thealternate working of the two valves l14 and 20 auton'zfaitical'ly.. The" automatic controla =may comprise spring which` is effectiveA to maintain the valve"lnorinally open, the tensionl of! this spring being overcome when,` the bach pressure oith-e steamy acting'on the valve 2O isf-siitieiently high, as Willr'esult from op-A erating withy cruising throttle open as shown inl 91 1 JVhenoperating under the conditi'onsshown inFi'g. 8 the pipe 1`5Yis under high pressure which acting'on the disc of valve 20 augmente the pull of. thez'spring. and keeps valvef201' closedl and the valve 14 open". Prefierably associated.v with the valve 2O1is a hand'- wheei? 23 having a threadedstem and Which isarran'ged' tohold the valve 201 closed when operating the cruising turbine for driving the auxiliaries as shown in Fig. 8, the main turbine'system being idle and the valve 16 closed at this time'. Vith the valve 10 opened the steam supply is controlled preferably by the governor mechanism 11 although if desired the vgovernor maybe omitted and the steam supply controlled entirely by they valve 10.

y The power generated by the cruising turbine will besuiiicient to actuate all of the auxili-y aries'land to `do so under eflicient operation Uh the main turbines may be runeven thong ning at only part load. v

For operation of the cruising` unit in series with thelmain turbine units, the clutch 4 yis engaged and' steam supplied through 'the cruising throttle 10, the valve 16 being closed under this condition. Steam exhausted from the cruising turbine yWill pass through exhaust pipe 21 and open the non-return valve 20 so as to flow through pipe 15 to the high pressure mainrturbine unit 2, from whence it flows to pipe 17 to the 10W. pressure turbine unit 5. The condensate and air is pumped from the condenser 18 through pipe 26 to the air pumps. Under thisV condition the power required to drivethe auxiliary pumps is obtained at the rcombined Water rate of the cruis-V ing turbine and main turbines or at about say one-fifth of the steam that would be required to operate these units `from independ- Y ent turbines or steam cylinders. The change over from this method ofoperation to higher Vpowers from the main turbines is effected by shutting oft the cruising throttle 10 and releasing the clutch Il, also opening valve 16. This allows the cruising turbine and connected auxiliaries to continue in operation Without stopping under vthe small auxiliary steam supply through pipe 11, the auxiliary valve 10 preferablybeing left open at all times except when the entire plant is shut down. Ii operating under the main units independently and it is desired to reduce'speed and operate with the cruising unit connected,

all, that is necessary is to reduce the speed of the main units to that of the cruising unit, then connect clutch 4 and open cruising throt- V tle" 10.

lt will thus be seenthat from improved arrangements oatV parts exhaust steam from tion Independent .clutches for the: several auxiliaries could be provided, as would be .deemednecessaiy For example, as shoivni'n Fig:,3, an independent turbine 45 drives sup,- *plementary mechanisms 2 8', 25, and 27', corresponding respectively toi mech ani'sms 28, 25 andp27. These-mechanisms may be operated independently ofeach other, or simultaneousi ly bynse; of clutches 46and 47 adaptedtocontrol' power loiv from the turbine shaft; 48 to the respective mechanisms., rIihesepumps `may'becomiected to the main Iinesfsuch as 26,

and the pipe 7which would be used in' con-necti'onwith pumpf28zv These supplemental connectmnsare shown at 26 and49., In opera- `tion,the-units: 28, 25 and 277 would be suiicientv to take care of' the cruising; conditions, but when full powergorpower above a predeter'mIn-d` point is developed" by-the main turlaines, independent turbine 45. Will; bef operated to actuate the supj alemental auxiliary e' turbine m echanisms,these, in connectioI-lf, with thefother auxiliary mechanisms,.beingot suilcient capacityv for 'ulfllpower conditions.. `A pipe 40 is adapted to cond-uct; steam from the supply pipe 8. through valve mechanism 41 te the reversing blades on the; 10W pressure turbine unit I claim: f Y

l 1. Thecombijnation comprisinga main turbine, a cruising turbine,means whereby said cruising turbine may mechanically operate in Vseries with or independently of said main turbine, turbine auxiliary mechanisms, and means for driving said auxiliaries; from said cruisingl turbine- 2. The combination comprising a main turbine, a cruising turbine, means whereby said cruising turbine may mechanically operate in serieswith or independently of said maintu-rbine, turbine auxiliary mechanisms,

mean-s for driving said auxiliaries/from said cruising turbine, and meansv for suppl-ying steam to saidcruismg turbine: at a rate less 4than normally required' for cruising opera-v tion when said cruising-A- turbine is operated independently. v l s v 3.. lThe combination comprising a main turbine, fa cruising; turbine,l means whereby said cruising turbine may mechanically operate; in series with or independently of said main tux.'- binerfturbine auxiliary mechanisms, meansv ,t for drivingsad auxiliariestrcm :said cruising turbine, and means for supplying steam to said cruising turbine when mechanically operating in series with the main turbine.

l.l The combination comprising a main turbine, a cruisingvturbine, means whereby said cruising turbine may mechanically operate in series wither independently of said main turbine, turbine auxiliary mechanisms, means for driving said auxiliaries from said A cruising turbine, and means for conducting exhaust steam from saidcruising turbine` to y said main turbine.

5. The combination.l with a cruising'- tury bine, of a normal steam supply means therefor, a supplemental steam supply, means for Controlling s a'idl supplemental supply by Vspeed governing mechanism associated with the supplemental supply, means for shutting off said normal supply while said supplemental supply continues, and means whereby said normal exhaust pipe is automatically rendered inoperative when said normal supply is cut off, thereby permitting the supplemental exhaust to operate.

' 7. Thefcombination with a cruising turbine unit, of a main turbine unit, normal and supplemental means for supplying steam to said cruising unit, means for conducting the exhaust of said normal supply to the main unit, means whereby steam may be supfplied to the main unit without passing through the cruising unit and while the supi plemental steam supply to the latter is maintained, said normal exhaust and main unit steam supply pipes merging, and means forV automatically preventing baclr-lowyoi' fluid fromthe main turbine supply through the normal exhaust pipe ot the cruising turbine.

8. The combination with main and cruising turbine units having connecting means therebetween, of means 'for operating said units in series or independently of each other without stopping either of said units, including means for supplying steam to said cruising unit, means for directing exhaust steam from said cruising turbine unit into the main turbine unit, and a supplementalV exhaust pipe into which steam may be directed when said cruising turbine unit is operating independ- YVently of said main unit.

9. The combination with a main turbine and' a "cruising turbine, turbine auxiliaries driven by said cruising turbine, and means whereby the cruising and main turbines may be operated entirely independently of each other with respect to the power developed by each, and said latter means being adapted to cause the cruising turbine t0 transmit its power through the main turbine.

l0. The Acombination with a main turbine and acruising turbine adapted to transmit its power through the main turbine, of turbine auxiliaries adapted to be driven by the combined power otsaid turbine, and means whereby said auxiliaries are driven only by the power developedv by the cruising turbine when the power developed by the main turbine is between full power and a predetermined power limit below the full power;

' JOHN F. METTEN. 

